ISSN: 1899-0967
Polish Journal of Radiology
Established by prof. Zygmunt Grudziński in 1926 Sun
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1/2022
vol. 87
 
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Cardiovascular radiology
abstract:
Original paper

Comparison of high-pitch prospective electrocardiogram-gated pulmonary CT angiography with standard CT pulmonary angiography on dual-source CT for detection of subsegmental pulmonary embolism in patients suspected of acute pulmonary embolism

Rohini Thakur
1
,
Manphool Singhal
1
,
Ashutosh Nath Aggrawal
2
,
Ujjwal Gorsi
1
,
Navneet Sharma
3
,
Ashish Bhalla
3
,
Niranjan Khandelwal
1

1.
Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh – 161002, India
2.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh – 161002, India
3.
Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh – 161002, India
Pol J Radiol 2022; 87: e296-e303
Online publish date: 2022/05/31
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Purpose
Objective of this study was to compare high-pitch prospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography (HP-PECG-gated CTPA) with standard-pitch non-ECG-gated CT pulmonary angiography (SP-NECG-gated CTPA) on 128-slice dual-source CT (DSCT) for the detection of subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE) in patients suspected of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) with radiation and contrast-optimized protocols. Cardiac-related motion artefacts, lung image quality, and quantitative parameter (pulmonary arterial enhancement, radiation exposure, and contrast) volumes were also compared.

Material and methods
This prospective study enrolled 87 patients clinically suspected of APE and randomly distributed to either group by software. Two radiologists blinded to each other interpreted the images for assessment of SSPE, image quality, and quantitative parameters.

Results
SSPE was diagnosed in 15/44 (34.09%) patients in HP-PECG-gated CTPA, in comparison to 8/43 (18.60%) patients in SP-NECG-gated CTPA. Cardiac motion-related artefacts (blurring of bronchovascular structures and double-line artefacts) were statistically significantly less, with p-value < 0.05. Lung image quality was also better, with p-value < 0.001. Effective radiation dose and contrast volume in HP-PECG-gated CTPA were (2.54 ± 0.80 mSv, 45.05 ± 6 ml) versus SP-NECG-gated CTPA (3.17 ± 1.20 mSv, 74.19 ± 7.63 ml) with p-values of 0.007 and 0.001, respectively.

Conclusions
Radiation and contrast volume-optimized HP-PECG-gated CTPA provides reduced cardiac motion related artefacts of pulmonary arteries, which allows enhanced detection of SSPE. It also provides better image quality of lung and parenchyma with lower radiation exposure and less contrast volume.

keywords:

pulmonary CT angiography, subsegmental pulmonary embolism, ECG-gated, high pitch, cardiac motion artefacts




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