NEURORADIOLOGY / REVIEW PAPER
Deterministic or probabilistic tractography? Choosing the appropriate approach in clinical neurosurgery and neuroradiology practice
1
1st Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
2
Department of Neurosurgery, Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland
3
3rd Department of Interventional Radiology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland
4
Department of Normal Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
Submission date: 2026-01-25
Acceptance date: 2026-01-30
Publication date: 2026-04-17
Corresponding author
Sara Kierońska-Siwak
1st Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 9 Curie-Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
1st Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 9 Curie-Skłodowskiej St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Pol J Radiol, 2026; 91(1): 187-194
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Diffusion tensor-based tractography enables non-invasive reconstruction of white matter pathways in the human brain using two main algorithms: deterministic and probabilistic. Deterministic tractography generates white matter filaments that follow the dominant diffusion direction in individual voxels, providing fast but imprecise reconstruction; however, it is limited in areas with crossed filaments. Probabilistic tractography, on the other hand, models uncertainty and allows for more accurate mapping of complex neural connections, although it is computationally demanding and more difficult to interpret. This article discusses the theoretical foundations, strengths and weaknesses, and clinical applications of both approaches, with particular emphasis on their application in neurosurgery and neuroradiology.
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